Smart habitat and infrastructure uses sensors and ICT to create networked infrastructure for sustainability. A smart home provides comfort and convenience through connected devices, utilities, and appliances that can be remotely controlled. While smart homes offer advantages like increased comfort, convenience, and energy efficiency, they also present issues like loss of privacy, health effects, high replacement costs, and requiring all new smart devices and equipment. Fully realizing the benefits of smart homes will require compatible smart cities with smart governance, infrastructure, and services.
1. SMART HABITAT – A NEWCONCEPT
Dr K M Soni, Chief Engineer, WZ- I,
CPWD, Mumbai
1IBC-16, DELHI
2. SMART HABITAT AND SMART INFRASTUCTURE
• Smart Infrastructure encompasses networked
infrastructure using sensors and ICT for
sustainability. It includes e based;
• Education: e-learning - digital
• Community: online – real world
• Business: service - customers
• Health
• Governance
• Traffic
• People
• Habitat
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Basic requirements of SMART ANDSUSTAINABLE
INFRASTUCTURE-I
• Hardware
• Fibre optic cable
• Satellite
• Wi-fi
• Continuous sustainable electrical energy
and
• Smart construction, maintenance &
operation arrangements of the house
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Basic requirements of SMART ANDSUSTAINABLE
INFRASTUCTURE-II
• Smart environment
• Smart economy
• Smart infrastructure
• Smart habitat
• Smart Transportation
• Smart utility services; communication, power
supply, water, solid waste
• Smart social infrastructure; healthcare, social
welfare, culture, education
• Smart community
• Smart governance
• Smart citizens
• Smart Law & order
5. SMART HABITAT
• Smart or sometimes referred as intelligent
habitat is one that is able to offer a self
adaptive system to ensure the comfort of the
occupants.
• Self adaptive system is important for survival
of the occupant thus a smart or intelligent
home should be able to enhance not only the
comfort but also the survival of the
occupants.
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6. SMART HABITAT
With internet of things (IoT) in advanced
stage, smart habitat is defined as a habitat in
which the tools, equipment, devices and
appliances are connected through internet
for operations as these have become the part
of comfort and it is presumed that such
comfortable conditions will make the life
easy and enjoyable required for the survival.
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7. SMART HABITAT
• Connecting all the utilities
– To make life comfortable
• Connecting all the devices/equipment
through wi-fi system
– To make life happier
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8. SMART HABITAT
So finally in brief, a smart home is one that
provides comfort and convenience at all
times, whether someone is at home or
outside which in turn includes security and
energy efficiency.
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9. REQUIREMENTS OF SMART HABITAT
A smart home will require;
• smart appliances,
• smart equipment/devices,
• smart services and
• smart governance.
Since everything will be internet based, impact of
internet will be in business, entertainment,
traffic, education, communication, medical,
health and also on day to day activities including
maintenance of home and appliances.
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10. OBJECTIVES OF SMART HOMES
• Optimization of inhabitant productivity
• Minimizing operating costs
• Simplifying use of technologies
• Ensuring energy efficiency and security
• Enhancing accessibility and
• Improving comforts/quality of living
• Demand response management
Main objective of smart home is COMFORT
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11. COMFORT
Comfort in terms of;
• devices and their operation through information
and communication technology (ICT)
• safety
• easy operation/convenience
• efficient heat, ventilation & energy and
• cultural harmony.
Actually new concept of smart home is based on
ICT and personal autonomy.
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12. PERSONAL AUTONOMY
Personal autonomy should have two basic
concepts;
• being able to communicate to others
• able to control its medium of life.
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13. COMMUNICATION
In fact communication in smart habitat also
plays a very important role in three aspects;
• communication between person to system,
• between system to system and
• then system to person
through controls at different levels. In first
communication, habitat is a primary
controller while in second, it is joint control
and in the third control is by the system.
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14. SMART HOME
Smart home will have;
• Comfortable home temperature,
• Comfortable audio level of audio-video
equipment,
• Desired light flux level etc
• All the equipment remotely controlled i.e.
wireless connectivity.
• Smart safety equipment
• Smart access
Thus one will have smart and comfortable
environment as per his or her choice.
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17. COMFORT CONDITIONS
• But then there is a catch; a family may have
different comfort requirements living in same
habitat and such human interface may not
necessarily be implementable.
• One may have choice for seeing a movie at a
particular time and can program a television and
thus it would automatically switch over to that
particular programme but in case other member
wants to view some other program in same
television, it may have problems hence human
interface cannot be avoided though similar
conditions may exist in homes which are not
smart. 18IBC-16, DELHI
18. Privacy, safety and health
• It also needs to be understood that with the
wireless equipment in place, every activity of
the home can be monitored from a distance
and thus privacy and safety issues may also
crop up.
• Health issue due to radiation
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(www.youtube.com) (www.stopsmartmeters.org)
19. ISSUES IN SMART DEVICES/EQUIPMENT
• Replacement of equipment
• Compatibility
• Replacement on change of technology
• Cost involved in procurement and
operation/maintenance
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20. CONNECTIVITY ISSUES
Then there may be different types of services
and equipment, and they need to be
interconnected and programmed, and such
the task may not be very easy. Once, the
conditions change, one may need
reprogramming the utilities and complete
system making it very expensive.
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21. SMART DEVICES/EQUIPMENT
• Smart homes will have smart meters for
electricity, gas, or water consumption able to
communicate the information back to the
consumers almost even on real time basis.
• Smart household equipment
• Smart building components
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22. SMART CARDS
• All services are likely to be through smart
cards
• So one should be ready to pay in advance
• Services will not be available who has no
affordability to pay in advance
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23. Smart equipment/devices
• In a smart house, theoretically all the equipment
and devices should be smart for the
compatibility. Thus old wired equipment and
devices will become obsolete.
• In the beginning there may be some equipment
and devices which can be run through sensors
but ultimately smart equipment and devices
would be required for compatibility. Thus smart
homes indirectly will force you to procure all the
equipment and devices as per the compatibility
i.e. smart devices and equipment.
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Smart equipment/devices
• In future, ICT companies may have tie up
with other companies manufacturing such
equipment and devices or they themselves
start manufacturing them.
• It is also possible that AMC of the smart
system will be in the hands of ICT companies,
the cost of which will be decided by them
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25. SMART GOVERNANCE
• To make services and city smart, smart
governance will be a basic requirement
• Smart governance is about the decision making
and management of the public services with
efficiency, community leadership, continuous
improvement, innovation, and efficient
technological services.
• Thus smart governance will include smart
leadership that is bold, initiative bearing, willing
and able to take hard decisions like raising and
recovering cost of services, implement reforms
in governance, prevent unauthorized
constructions besides removing encroachments
and take on mafia. 27IBC-16, DELHI
28. Government has already identified cities
for making them smart. Smart
infrastructure will be created in such
cities. Where, new smart cities
(redevelopment and greenfield
development) are being developed,
concept of smart infrastructure and smart
habitat can be followed.
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30. Then we are to define “smart” based
on Indian conditions else many may
think after few years whether “smart”
is a myth and is only for publicity and
business.
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31. Make your home smart
• Wi-fi thermostat with remote sensor
• Smart starter kit for smart lighting
• Carbon di-oxide/carbon mono oxide detector
• A bluetooth speaker
• Wi-fi sound system
• Wi-fi security camera
• Smart switching device
• Robotic vacuum cleaner
• Smart lock
• Smart door bell
• Smart home control device
• ----- ,and ensure
• Construction and maintenance of your home is smart
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32. CONCLUSIONS
• Smart homes will make entry with smart cities
• Initially smart homes will be for elite class
• Smart homes have advantages of comforts
• Smart homes due to wireless technology may
have some side effects
• Smart homes will require compatible smart
appliances
• Smart homes should not be limited to inside
area of compound wall but should be integrated
with smart infrastructure of the city-smart city.
35IBC-16, DELHI