Tools and techniques of evaluation

 VALIDITY
 RELIABILITY
 OBJECTIVITY
 ADEQUACY
 DISCRIMINATION POWER
 USABILITY

 Validity is defined as an accuracy with which a
test measures whatever it is supposed to
measure.
 FACTORS AFFECTING THE VALIDITY OF A
TEST-
 Ambiguity
 Difficulty level of questions
 Scope of the test
 Hallo effect
 Poor construction of items
 Other factors

If a test is used by any person, anywhere and at
any time for repeatedly evaluation, the
conclusions are same, in this situation we can
say that the test is reliable one.
 It refers to the consistency of measurement.
 Reliability refers to the results obtained with an
assessment, instrument and not to the
instrument itself.
 Reliability is necessory but not a sufficient
condition for validity.
 Objective test is reliable test because
evaluation is not affected by an evaluator.

 Length of a test
 Difficulty level of the questions
 Ambiguity of the questions
 Hallo effect
 Sample
 The optional questions in a test

 Test retest method
 Equivalent form of test
 Split half

“when an evaluation with a certain tool is done by
many evaluators and if the conclusions are
same, then we can say that test is objective.”
FACORS AFFECTING THE OBJECTIVITY OF
A TEST-
 Type of questions
 Ambiguity of the questions
 Evaluation method
 Design of a test

“A test with which evaluation of all objectives and
competencies is done, is called an adequate test.”
Adequacy is related to content, objectives, types of
questions.
FACTORS AFFECTING ADEQUACY-
 Design of a test
 Experience of a paper setter
 Types of questions
 Nature of the content
 Nature and type of objectives

“It is defined an index indicating the ability of
the item to discriminate the levels of higher
ability students and lower ability students.”

“When a test is easy to construct, easy to
administer and easy to interpret, it is called a
usable test.”
Usability involves following factors –
 Instructions to test administrator
 Checking malpractices
 Scoring key and guidelines
 Length of a test
 Cost of testing
 Ease of interpretation and application

Tools and techniques of evaluation

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Tools and techniques of evaluation