Skip to main content
Log in

Robust FMO algorithm and adaptive redundant slice allocation for wireless video transmission

  • Published:
Telecommunication Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Visual quality of compressed video may suffer great degradation when transmitted over lossy wireless networks. Flexible macro-block ordering (FMO) is a new error resilient tool adopted by H.264/AVC. It has a good performance of error resilience by changing the coding order of macro-blocks in the frame. redundant slice (RS) is another tool which adds redundant copy of slices into the stream to take precautions against packet loss. However, we shouldn’t only care about peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) of the video; the robustness of video streams to burst packet loss of wireless channel is also worth considering. In applications, such as real-time video transmission services, degradation of video quality may be tolerable, but collapse of decoder due to burst packet loss will greatly lower user’s quality of experience. This paper proposes a robust FMO (RFMO) algorithm which takes gradient feature of frames into consideration to enhance robustness of video streams, and the adaptive RS allocation (ARSA) helps to increase the PSNR with only a little increase in bit rate. Experiment results show that the RFMO algorithm can significantly reduce the collapse times of decoder with invisible decrease in visual quality, and the ARSA can still guarantee a high PSNR in the case of high packet loss rate.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Chen, S., & Leung, H. (2009). A temporal approach for improving intra-frame concealment performance in H.264/AVC. IEEE Transactions on Circuit and Systems for Video Technology, 19(3), 422–426.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Chung, K.-L., Huang, Y.-H., Chang, P.-C., & Liao, H.-Y. M. (2010). Reversible data hiding-based approach for intra-frame error concealment in H.264/AVC. IEEE Transactions on Circuit and Systems for Video Technology, 20(11), 1643–1647.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Xu, J., Zhang, W., Yu, N., Zhu, F., & Chen, B. (2011). Error resilient coding based on reversible data hiding and redundant slice. IEEE International Conference on Image and Graphics, 223–227.

  4. Psannis, K. E., & Ishibashi, Y. (2009). Efficient error resilient algorithm for H.264/AVC: Mobility management in wireless video streaming. Journal of Telecommunication Systems, 41(2), 65–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Kuipers, B. W. M., Vaz, R. N., & Nunes, M. S. (2013). Video quality protection for real time video streams over wireless networks. Journal of Telecommunication Systems, 52(4), 2259–2270.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Lambert, P., De Neve, W., Dhondt, Y., & Van de Walle, R. (2006). Flexible macroblock ordering in H.264. Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, 17(2), 358–375.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Katz, B., Greenberg, S., Yarkoni, N., Blaunstien, N., & Giladi, R. (2007). New error-resilient scheme based on FMO and dynamic redundant slices allocation for wireless video transmission. IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, 53(1), 308–319.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Panyavaraporn, J., & Cajote, R. D. (2012). Flexible macroblock ordering based on region of interest for H.264/AVC wireless video transmission. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Signals and Image Processing, 384–387.

  9. Tan, K., & Pearmain, A. (2011). A new error resilience scheme based on FMO and error concealment in H.264/AVC, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing, 1057–1060.

  10. Panyavaraporn, J., & Aramvith, S. (2009). Joint explicit FMO map and error concealment for wireless video transmission. International Symposium on Communications and Information Technology, 1269–1273.

  11. Cajote, R. D., Aramvith, S., Guevara, R. C. L., & Miyanaga, Y. (2008). FMO slice group maps using spatial and temporal indicators for H.264 wireless video transmission. IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 3566–3569.

  12. Song, L., & Ma, X. (2009). Improving flexible macroblock ordering of H.264/AVC. IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, 742–745.

  13. Cajote, R. D., & Aramvith, S. (2010). FMO selection using Markov model in H.264 for slow fading wireless channels. International Symposium on Communications and Information Technologies, 1131–1135.

  14. Panyavaraporn, J., Cajote, R. D., & Aramvith, S. (2008). Joint explicit FMO, FEC coding, and adaptive interleaving depth for H.264 wireless video transmission. International Symposium on Communications, Control and Signal Processing, 645–649.

  15. Qu, Qi, Pei, Yong, Modestino, James W., & Tian, Xusheng. (2004). Error-resilient wireless video transmission using motion-based unequal error protection and intra-frame packet interleaving. International Conference on Image Processing, 2, 837–840.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Qu, Qi, Pei, Yong, Modestino, James W., & Tian, Xusheng. (2004). Source-adaptive FEC/UEP coding for video transport over bursty packet loss 3G UMTS network: A cross-layer approach. IEEE 60th Vehicular Technology Conference, 5, 3150–3154.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was partially supported by the National Science Foundation of China (60933013,61170234), the National Science and Technology Major Project (2010ZX03004-003), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WK210023002, WK2101020003), and the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA06030601).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nenghai Yu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhu, F., Zhang, W., Yu, N. et al. Robust FMO algorithm and adaptive redundant slice allocation for wireless video transmission. Telecommun Syst 59, 357–363 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-014-9941-0

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-014-9941-0

Keywords

Navigation