Historically black colleges and universities or HBCUs have an important tradition in the United States. It's not necessarily a straightforward tradition, but it's one we still grapple with.
One of the biggest struggles, perhaps, is the equalizing of values, of recognition, and importance. The problem addressed in this interview - my interview with George Johnson, Student Accounts Manager at Georgetown University, (former graduate of 2 HBCU's) - is that of academic weight. Does a 4.0 at an HBCU have the same value as a 4.0 at a PWI?
Q: The first question, then, is one that seeks to generalize. Generally speaking, does a 4.0 at an HBCU have the same value as a 4.0 at a PWI? If not, why not?
A: Generally speaking a 4.0 at an HBCU does have the same value as a 4.0 at a PWI. I say this because a 4.0 simply means you were able to master the subject matter being studied with the highest grade possible for the requirements of the degree or course. If we use the old adage of "2+2 = 4", then in general terms a 4.0 is a 4.0 is a 4.0. I say that because the true debate is not if it has the same value, but is the criteria required to receive a 4.0 more arduous at a PWI vs. an HBCU. To date, there is no real scientific evidence to prove or disprove this theory. Furthermore, this statement falls apart on the merits, as professors from PWI's teach at HBCU's and vice versa. In terms of value, what does getting a 4.0 really mean? There are students who graduated without honors who are millionaires. There are students with 4.0's that are currently out of work. As I stated in a previous article, we should be commending anyone who is able to get a 4.0 regardless of the institution it was received from, for that truly takes hard work.
Q: In what contexts do you think there is the greatest gap in value between 4.0s from HBCUs and 4.0s at PWIs? Is there anything in particular that continues to perpetuate this gap?
A: The greatest gap in value comes from the refusal to change the hierarchy created within colleges and universities across the US. Even PWI's are separated into "Ivy League" vs. everyone else. When you look at USA Today's top college rankings, there is no HBCU listed in the top 20. This perpetuates the belief that the education at an HBCU is below the standards of our nation's top universities which is simply untrue. The formula used to create the top 20 is based on various categories that have nothing to do with academic standards. They rely on stats like graduation rates, retention rates, the high school SAT scores of incoming students, and "education experts" to determine this ranking. There is no true academic valuing tool or method that is being used to determine this. Furthermore, many of the HBCU's are accredited by the same governing body as the PWI's. So they are good enough to be accredited by the same academic standards, but the academic standards are still unequal. A very flawed argument at best.
Q: How is the overall relationship between academic excellence at HBCUs versus PWIs determined and how, if at all, is that relationship changing?
A: Unfortunately, perception is reality when it comes to this question. As stated previously there is no scientific method to the determination of this statement. The overall standard is rooted in perceived ranking of Top PWI's vs PWI's. PWI's vs HBCU's, and the unfortunate ranking of HBCU's vs HBCU's. Although not used as frequently, during the civil rights era, the term "The Black Ivy League" was coined for certain HBCU's that "pulled the best and most privileged black students". Howard University, for years was deemed to be "The Black Harvard". Although not heralded as it once was, this hierarchy has created a dissention in the African American community's views on academic excellence amongst HBCU's. If we are unable to agree that HBCU's across the board have an equal standard of learning with each other, how can we debate that they are comparable to PWI's? I do believe that in recent years, the views of the "hierarchy" of HBCU's has significantly declined, but I feel that if we want to be perceived and recognized as equals with PWI's, we must come to an agreement that we are equivalent to one another. The fact that many students that attended HBCU's for undergrad were able get graduate degrees from PWI's is under researched evidence of the relationship change.
Q: What have been some of the most significant strategies for equalizing the perceived values of academic excellence at HBCUs versus PWIs?
A: I am not sure if I would necessarily say it is a strategy, but the recent visibility of HBCU graduates, alumni, and dropouts have created a change in perceived values. The commencement speech at Howard University by Sean Combs, the celebrity appearances in commercials advertising HBCU's have brought a new found attention to these colleges and universities. The addition of new degree programs, including masters and doctoral at many of the HBCU's are also helping in equalizing this standard. Another strategy that has been utilized is the raising of the academic requirements to attend HBCU's. Long lives the stigma that HBCU's are "last resort" or "willing to accept everyone". Although they do tend to have lower requirements for admission, it does not change the fact that the academic standard is one of high quality. I like to believe that HBCU's are schools that give "second chances" and are more willing to put in the work to bring out the "diamonds in the ruff" compared to PWI's. The continuing partnerships that many of the HBCU's are creating with corporate America, study abroad programs, and STEM programs are also helping to decrease the perceived inequality of learning.
Q: What can administrators and educators at HBCUs do and what can their counterparts at PWIs do to try and overcome the remaining gaps, the remaining discrepancies in values?
A: I feel that administrators and educators need to re-instill that the value is in receiving the college education, and not where you receive it from. Perception is reality on this subject. If tomorrow, ten former HBCU graduates became the CEO's of ten fortune 100 companies, people would begin claiming that there is something that HBCU's are doing that PWI's aren't. Too much weight is being put on where you are getting educated based on what people are doing with their education. Educator's need to remind students of the reasons they attended college. Making sure that students are engaged and not only able to repeat information, but also apply it. The 4.0 does not guarantee that you will be more successful in life, regardless of where it is received. It does not guarantee wealth, health, or how you will be able to apply your knowledge to life situations.
It also becomes the responsibility of the student's that attend HBCU's who are doing well in their respective fields to be visible. We have to push the message that we are equivalent to those who graduate from other institutions. We must be vigilant in reminding students at HBCU's that their degrees have worth and value. That Harvard, Princeton, and Yale are excellent schools based on the academic, societal achievements of their alumni and professors, not based on the devaluation of other institutions.
I conclude by saying that the pursuit of knowledge is a valiant one. It brings together people from all walks of life, different shapes and sizes. It should not matter if you choose to attend an Ivy League, HBCU, PWI, or Community College. Your GPA should not be a topic of debate because you got it "here" instead of "there". The fact that you chose higher education is to be applauded and respected. To devalue that choice in any way is simply unacceptable.
I would like to thank George Johnson for sitting down to talk with us.
This post originally appeared on www.diverseeducation.com.