A government statement read out on state TV Tuesday night said the dead included 15 people from Burkina Faso and a Nigerian. Another 15 people were severely injured.
Survivors of the crash said the truck had only one headlight, and the bus driver mistook it for a motorcycle. A minibus was also involved in the crash, 175km north of the capital.
Images on state television showed bodies being carried away in white shrouds.
Road accidents are common in Togo, where roads are poor and vehicles are often overloaded with people and goods.